Enhancing Reliability in Distributed Cloud Systems with a Systematic Review of Fault Tolerance Techniques for Resilient Infrastructure Design

Abstract

Distributed cloud systems are critical enablers of modern computing, yet their reliability is often challenged by failures caused by hardware faults, software bugs, and network issues. This paper systematically reviews fault tolerance techniques to enhance the reliability of distributed cloud systems. By synthesizing findings from original research, we identify effective strategies for resilient infrastructure design, including replication, checkpointing, and machine learning-based fault prediction. Through comparative analysis, we highlight trade-offs in performance, cost, and implementation complexity. Insights from this study can guide practitioners in designing fault-tolerant architectures to ensure service continuity in distributed cloud environments.